Mu gihe Umunsi nyafurika wahariwe kurwanya ruswa uba tariki ya 11 Nyakanga buri mwaka, uyu munsi tariki 12/07/2023, U Rwanda rwifatanyije n’ibindi bihugu mu kuwizihiza hanakorwa Inama Nyunguranabitekerezo yahuje Urwego rw’Umuvunyi n’ubuyobozi bw’Umujyi wa Kigali.

Ku rwego rw’Afurika, insanganyamatsiko y’uyu mwaka wa 2023 ni: “Amasezerano y’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’Afrika yo gukumira no kurwanya ruswa, nyuma y’imyaka 20: ibyagezweho n’ibiteganyijwe” (AUCPCC 20 Years after: Achievements and Prospects).

Iyi akaba ariyo nsanganyamatsiko u Rwanda rwizihiza hasuzumwa ibyagezweho hashingiwe kuri aya masezerano y’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’Afrika yo gukumira no kurwanya ruswa, nyuma y’imyaka 20.

Umuvunyi Mukuru Madamu Nirere Madeleine avuga ko u Rwanda nk’igihugu cyashyize umukono ku masezerano y’Umuryango wa Afurika Yunze Ubumwe yo gukumira no kurwanya ruswa, hakozwe ibikorwa byinshi, hafatwa ingamba nyinshi mu rwego rwo kuyshyira mu bikorwa.

Yagize ati “ Kubera ubushake bwa Politike bwo kurwanya ruswa bwa Nyakubahwa Perezida wa Repubulika Nyakubahwa Kagame Paul, hashyizweho Inzego zishinzwe gukumira no kurwanya ruswa, hashyirwaho amategeko atandukanye akumira akanahana ruswa n’izindi ngamba zitandukanye.”

Zimwe mu zindi ngamba Umuvunyi Mukuru yagarutseho ni ukuba buri mwaka uru Rwego rutegura rukanakora icyumweru cyahariwe kurwanya ruswa  hakangurirwa abaturage uko bakwiye kwirinda ruswa, hakorwa kandi isuzumamikorere ry’Inzego za Leta, iz’abikorera, Sosiyete Sivili ndetse n’Imiryango Mpuzamahanga ikorera mu Rwanda hagamijwe gusesengura niba amategeko n’amabwiriza ariho byubahirizwa no kureba niba buri rwego rwarashyizeho ingamba zihamye zo gukumira no kurwanya ruswa, guhozaho kwigisha abaturage kugira uruhare rukomeye rwo gutanga amakuru ajyanye n’icyaha cya ruswa; Kwakira buri mwaka imitungo y’Abayobozi ndetse n’Abakozi ba Leta bateganywa n’itegeko no gusesengura inkomoko nyakuri y’iyo mitungo;  Kwakira no gusuzuma buri mwaka inyandiko z’ibaruramari z’imitungo y’Imitwe ya Politiki.

Hashyizweho Komite zo Kurwanya ruswa (Anti-Corruption Committees) mu Nzego za Leta, iz’abikorera, iza Sosiyete Sivili n’Imiryango Mpuzamahanga ikorera mu Rwanda, ubu hamaze gushyirwaho Anti-corruption Committees 616;  Ukudasaza kw’icyaha cya ruswa nk’uko biteganywa mu ngingo ya 21 y’Itegeko N^o54/2018 ryo kuwa 13/08/2018 ryerekeye kurwanya ruswa nayo ni indi ngamba ikomeye Leta y’u Rwanda yihaye.

N’ubwo izo ngamba zose zashyizweho, ruswa iracyahari. Ibi bigaragazwa n’ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi (2020) aho abaturage bemeza ko ruswa ihari mu Rwanda (perception of corruption) mu buryo bukurikira:

Indicator 5: Perceived level of corruption in Rwanda

• Private sector :58%  
• Citizens: 56%
• CSOs: 54%   
• Public sector: 50%    

Icyakora Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rugaragaza ko nubwo ingamba zihari ari nyinshi, muri uru rugamba rwo kurwanya ruswa hari ahakiri inzitizi zikurikira nko gutanga amakuru kuri ruswa biracyari hasi. Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi muri 2020 (baseline study on corruption in Rwanda) bugaragaza ko gutanga amakuru kuri ruswa bikiri hase cyane mu baturage, sosiyete sivile n’abaturage mu buryo bukurikira :

•  Abaturage batanga amakuru kuri ruswa bafite ku kigero cya 9.6% ;
• Sosiyete sivile ku kigero cya 12.5%
• Abikorera ni 0%
•  Abakozi ba Leta ni 81.3%.

Ubushakashatsi bwakoreshweje n’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi (2022) ku byuho bya ruswa biri mu nzego z’ibanze bwagaragaje ko Intege nke mu kugenzura (internal weak control) uko imitangire ya serivisi  itangwa ari iya mbere ituma hatangwa ruswa ku kigero cya 48% ku Karere, 45% ku Murenge, 48% ku Kagari  and 38% ku Mudugudu kuko umukozi aba azi neza ko nta nkurikizi mbi bimugiraho.

Imibare igaragaza ko Afrika itakaza buri mwaka amafaranga ajya mu bindi bihugu mu buryo budakurikije amategeko (illicit financial flow) angana na miliyari 88,6 USD ayo angana na 3.7% ya GDP ya Afrika yose nk’uko byatangajwe muri Economic Development in Africa Report 2020 na UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD).